Pesquisa indica que consumo elevado de ultraprocessados, açúcar e carnes vermelhas está ligado a sintomas mais severos da doença

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O que vai ao prato pode ter um impacto direto na saúde da pele. É o que sugere um estudo publicado em fevereiro no British Journal of Nutrition, que relaciona dietas com perfil inflamatório — ricas em ultraprocessados, carnes vermelhas e açúcares simples — a quadros mais graves de psoríase. Por outro lado, padrões alimentares saudáveis parecem contribuir para a redução dos sintomas.

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A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória crônica caracterizada por manchas e placas ressecadas na pele, especialmente em áreas como braços e cotovelos. Entre os fatores de risco modificáveis estão o tabagismo, o consumo de álcool e a obesidade.

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“Embora ainda não tenhamos todas as respostas sobre o papel da alimentação na psoríase, é um tema de crescente interesse científico”, explica a dermatologista Barbara Miguel, do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Ela destaca que estudos anteriores já apontavam a associação entre dietas inflamatórias e a piora dos sintomas.

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Na nova pesquisa, 257 adultos com psoríase responderam questionários detalhados sobre seus hábitos alimentares, incluindo adesão a dietas como a mediterrânea, DASH (focada no controle da hipertensão), à base de vegetais e padrões menos saudáveis. Os dados foram cruzados com ferramentas validadas para avaliar a gravidade da doença.

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Os resultados mostraram uma relação consistente: quanto mais saudável o padrão alimentar, mais leves eram os sintomas. “A psoríase é uma doença inflamatória e imunomediada, e a dieta tem potencial para modular processos inflamatórios sistêmicos”, ressalta Barbara Miguel.

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Alimentos como frutas, vegetais, oleaginosas e grãos integrais, ricos em fibras, antioxidantes e compostos anti-inflamatórios, podem atuar como aliados no controle da doença. Já dietas com excesso de gorduras saturadas, carnes processadas e produtos ultraprocessados favorecem a inflamação crônica, agravando não apenas a psoríase, mas também outras condições inflamatórias.

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Os especialistas alertam, no entanto, que a alimentação saudável não substitui o tratamento médico tradicional, mas pode potencializar os resultados e ajudar a controlar comorbidades frequentes, como síndrome metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares.

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“Mais do que um coadjuvante, a dieta deve ser considerada parte do plano terapêutico, principalmente em pacientes com sobrepeso ou obesidade, condição que agrava o quadro inflamatório da psoríase”, conclui a dermatologista. O estudo reforça a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, que leve em conta não apenas a saúde da pele, mas também os hábitos de vida do paciente.

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